atmosphere & climatology section 4 Practice Questions Answers Test with Solutions & More Shortcuts

Answer: (d)

Jet Stream is a narrow belt of high altitudes (above 12000 m) westerly wind in the troposphere whose speed varies 110 km/hr in summer to 184 km/hr in winter.

Answer: (b)

Ozone in the Earth's stratosphere is created by ultraviolet light striking ordinary oxygen molecules containing two oxygen atoms (O₂), splitting them into individual oxygen atoms (atomic oxygen).

The atomic oxygen then combines with unbroken O2 to create ozone (O₃).

The ozone molecule is unstable and when ultraviolet light hits ozone it splits into a molecule of O₂ and an individual atom of oxygen, a continuing process called the ozone-oxygen cycle.

Chemically, this can be described as,

O₂ + v_uv→ 2O

O + O₂ ↔ O₃

Answer: (b)

Sirocco is a local Mediterranean wind that comes from Sahara and can achieve Hurricane speed in North Africa and Europe. Its Arabic name is Quibli.

Answer: (c)

The equatorial regions are known for convectional rainfall that occurs due to the thermal convection currents caused due to the heating of ground due to insolation

. In these, the warm air rises up and expands then, reaches a cooler layer and saturates, then condenses mainly in the form of cumulus or cumulonimbus clouds.

The equatorial regions receive convectional rainfall almost on a daily basis. The rainfall is of very short duration but in the form of heavy showers.

Answer: (d)

The meaning of the word ‘tundra’ is ‘a region in continents of Asia, Europe and North America, where the growth of trees is prevented due to low temperatures and permanently frozen subsoil’.

These kinds of geographic areas are found near the North Pole and the South Pole. In physical geography, the tundra is a biome where tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons.

There are three types of tundra: Arctic tundra, alpine tundra, and Antarctic tundra. In the tundra, the vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra.